Keywords
pedagogical pattern
pedagogical pattern instance
adaptive e-learning environment
How to Cite
Abstract
Software platforms for e-learning support various options for presenting educational content. One of the ways to organize and structure it is via so-called pedagogical patterns. They are a method for describing and sharing knowledge and practical experience. Pedagogical patterns are used to describe pedagogical situations that occur repeatedly in the learning process. In the context of e-learning systems, there are various approaches to digitalization of pedagogical patterns. The purpose of the paper is to show how to build instances of pedagogical patterns using e-learning pedagogical objects, which can be easily and conveniently used as models in an adaptive e-learning environment. An e-learning pedagogical object is an abstract concept that can be presented in the concrete form of an e-learning object, an e-learning methodological object, an e-learning object for monitoring and diagnostics or an e-learning object with learning outcomes. These objects are building blocks for constructing instances of pedagogical patterns. This paper thoroughly discusses the issue of creating instances of pedagogical patterns of the four types of e-learning pedagogical objects. The instance of a pedagogical pattern is meant to serve to create subsections of educational topics. The instances of the patterns built of e-learning objects are learning units that are used depending on the context of a particular pedagogical situation.
The e-learning pedagogical objects and the pedagogical pattern instances are intended to be applied in an adaptive e-learning environment as teaching aids. Their theoretical models are applied in Moodle LMS in line with the tendency for software to assist and replace some of the teacher functions, while the teacher’s role is raised to a higher organizational, pedagogical and methodological level.
Three instances of pedagogical patterns have been created through e-learning pedagogical objects: “Early Feedback”, “Feedback Sandwich” and “Consistent Metaphor” in LMS Moodle, which have been tested in the training course “Modeling of training courses in Moodle” during the autumn trimester of the academic year 2021/2022 at the Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics of Paisii Hilendarski University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
References
M. Diego, G. Carlos, A. Jose, “Adaptive learning objects in the context of eco-connectivist communities using learning analytics,” Heliyon, vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 1-14, Nov., 2019. Accessed: Jan., 1, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02722. [Online]. Available:https://www.cell.com/heliyon/pdf/S2405-8440(19)36382-0.pdf
M. Sethi, S. Jain, S. Lomte, “Evaluation of Learning Strategy Specific Multi-Version Learning Objects,”, in 2017 Int.Conf. Transforming Eng.Educ. (ICTEE2017), Pune, India,2017, pp.1-7, doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/2345396.2345587.
K. Sathiyamurthy, T.V. Geetha, M. Senthilvelan, “An approach towards dynamic assembling of learning objects,”, in ICACCI'12: Proc. Int. Conf. Advances Comput., Communications and Inform., Chennai, India, 2012, pp. 1193-1198, doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/2345396.2345587.
N. Matar, “Multi-adaptive learning objects repository structure towards unified e-learning,” Int. Arab J.eTechnol., vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 129-137, 2014, ISSN: 1683-3198.
S. Hadzhikoleva, E. Hadzhikolev, T. Rachovski, “Pedagogical patterns and information technologies,” Announcements of Union of Scientists - Sliven Journal, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 63-69, 2017, ISSN: 1311-2864.
B. Khan, “A framework for web-based learning,” Techtrends tech trends, vol.44, no.3, pp.51-53, Apr., 2000, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02778228.
A. Alsobhi, N. Khan, H. Rahanu, “Dyslexia adaptive e-learning system based on multi-layer architecture,” in 2015 Sci. Inf. Conf. (SAI), London, UK, July, 2015, pp. 776-780, doi: 10.1109/sai.2015.7237231.
R. Oppermann, R. Rashev, Kinshuk, “Adaptability and adaptivity in learning systems,” in Knowl. Transfer, vol. 2, A. Behrooz, Ed., pAce, London, UK, 1997, pp. 173-179.
C.-Y. Chou, K. R. Lai, P.-Y. Chao, C. H. Lan and T.-H. Chen, “Negotiation based adaptive learning sequences: Combining adaptivity and adaptability,” Comp.&Educ., vol. 88, pp. 215-226, Oct., 2015, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.05.007.
M. Bower, “A framework for adaptive learning design in a web-conferencing environment,” J. Int. Media in Educ., vol. 1, pp. 1-21, Feb., 2016, doi: http://doi.org/10.5334/jime.406.
E. Kovacheva, “Adaptive eLearning Systems” (in Bulgarian), Ph.D. dissertation, BIT Univ., Sofia, Bulgaria 2012.
D. Chin, “Empirical evaluation of user models and user‐adapted systems,” User Modelling and User‐Adapted Interaction, vol.11, no.1, pp.181‐194, Mar., 2001,doi: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011127315884.
P. Brusilovsky, P. Miller, “Course Delivery Systems for the Virtual University,” in Access to Knowledge: New Inf. Technol. and the Emergence of the Virtual University, F. Tschangand T. Senta, Eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier Science and International Association of Universities: Issues in Higher Education, Jan., 2001, pp. 167‐206.
P. De Bra, L. Aroyo, A. Cristea, “Adaptive Web‐based Educational Hypermedia,” in Web Dynamics: Adapting to Change in Content, Size, Topology and Use, M. Levene and A. Poulovassilis, Eds., Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004, ch. 16, pp. 387‐410, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10874-1_16.
P. Rosmalen, J. Boticario, “Using Learning Design to Support Design and Runtime Adaptation,” in Learning Design: A Handbook on Modelling and Delivering Networked Education and Training, R. Koper, C. Tattersall, Eds., Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005, ch. 18, pp. 291-301, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27360-3_18.
A. Merceron, K. Yacef, “A Web-Based Tutoring Tool with Mining Facilities to Improve Learning and Teaching,” in Proc. 11th Int. Conf. Artificial Intell. Educ., vol. 97,pp. 201-208, July., 2003.
L.Bajenaru, I. Smeureanu, I.Marinescu, “Learning Styles in an Ontology-Based E-Learning System,” in Proc.15th Int. Conf. Inform. Economy (IE 2016), Cluj-Napoca, Romania, June, 2016, pp. 153-158.
A. Kardan, S. Noorani, “Toward A Comprehensive E-Learning Style (CELS),” ICVL 2009 - Proc. Of 4th Int. Conf. On Virtual Learn.,Jassy, Romania, Oct./Nov., 2009, pp. 408-415.
A. Alanazi, M. Abbod, A. Ullah, “Intelligent e-learning repository system for sharing learning resources,” 2014 Int. Conf. Web Open Access Learn. (ICWOAL), 2014, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/ICWOAL.2014.7009209.
G. Costagliola, A. De Lucia, F. Ferrucci, C. Gravino, G. Scanniello, “Assessing the Usability of a Visual Tool for the Definition of e-Learning Processes,” J. Vis. Lang. Comput., vol. 19, No.6, pp.721-737, Dec. 2008, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvlc.2008.01.003.
M. Fioravanti, E. Barbosa, “A Systematic Mapping on Pedagogical Patterns,” 2016 IEEE Frontiers Educ. Conf. (FIE), 2016, pp. 1-9, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2016.7757407.
M. Fioravanti, E. Barbosa, “A Catalog of Pedagogical Patterns for Learning Applications,” 2018 IEEE Frontiers Educ. Conf. (FIE), 2018, pp. 1-9, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2018.8658904.
J. Bergin et al., “Pedagogical Patterns: Advice for Educators,” CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012, ISBN-10: 1479171824, ISBN-13: 978-1479171828.
T. Iba, T. Miyake, “Learning Patterns: A pattern language for creative learning II,”,Proc. 1st Asian Conf. Pattern Lang. Programs (AsianPLoP 2010), Mar., 2010, pp. 1–6, doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/2371736.2371742.
A. Seoane-Pardo, F. García-Peñalvo, “Pedagogical Patterns and Online Teaching,” in Online Tutor 2.0: Methodologies and Case Studies for Successful Learning, F. García-Peñalvo, A. Seoane-Pardo, Eds., Hershey, PA, IGI Global., 2014, ch. 15, pp. 298-316, ISBN13: 9781466658325, http://doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-5832-5.ch015.
M. Fioravanti, E. Barbosa, “A Pedagogical Pattern Language for Mobile Learning Applications,” Proc. 24th Conf. Pattern Lang. Programs (PLoP 2017), Vancouver, BC, Canada., Oct. 2017, 1-22, ISBN: 978-1-941652-06-0.
S. Hadzhikoleva, E. Hadzhikolev, T. Rachovski, L. Iovkov, “Pedagogical Patterns and Software Tools for Pedagogical Patterns Management,” Scientific Researches of the Union of Scientists in Bulgaria - Plovdiv, Series B. Natural Sciences and the Humanities, vol. 18, 2018, pp. 157-161, ISSN 1311-9192.
E. Hadzhikolev, S. Hadzhikoleva, E. Yonchev, T. Rachovski, “Formal Model of a Pedagogical Pattern Language,” Int. J. Scientific & Technol. Research, vol. 8, no. 9, Sept., 2019, pp. 748-753, ISSN 2277-8616.
R. Nikolov, K. Stefanov, L. Vladinova, “Professional e-learning - technological standards, methodological challenges and applications,” (in Bulgarian), New Technol.Educ. Professional Training”, Sofia, May., 2003, Accessed: Jan., 12, 2022, [Online]. Available: http://hdl.handle.net/10506/70
A. Rahnev, T. Terzieva, E. Angelova and V. Arnaudova, “Adaptive e-learning systems,” (in Bulgarian), National Scientific Conf. Educ. and Science - Personal Social Develop., vol. 1, no. 1, Bulgaria, Smolyan, Oct., 2017, pp. 231-238, ISBN: 978-954-8767-65-1.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2022 Христо Христов, Еміль Йончев, Володимир Цвєтков